The colon is the last portion of the digestive system in most vertebrates
القولون هو آخر جزء من القناة الهضمية لدى معظم الفقاريات
The large intestine is wider and shorter than the small intestine (approximately 1.5 metres, or 5 feet, in length as compared with 6.7 to 7.6 metres, or 22 to 25 feet, in length for the small intestine)
وهو أعرض ولكن أقصر من الأمعاء الدقيقة حيث يبلغ طوله حوالي متر ونصف
Colorectal cancer, also called colon cancer or large bowel cancer, includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. With 655,000 deaths worldwide per year, it is the fourth most common form of cancer in the United States and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world
ويعتبر سرطان القولون هو أخطر أمراض القولون على الإطلاق إذ يتسبب في 655 ألف وفاة سنويا على مستوى العالم وهو رابع أكثر أمراض السرطان انتشارا في أمريكا وثالث أهم أسباب الوفيات بسبب السرطان في الغرب
Most colorectal cancer arise from adenomatous polyps. These lesions can be detected and removed during colonoscopy. Studies show this procedure would decrease by > 80% the risk of cancer death, provided it is started by the age of 50, and repeated every 5 or 10 years
As per current guidelines under National Comprehensive Cancer Network, in average risk individuals with negative family history of colon cancer and personal history negative for adenomas or Inflammatory Bowel diseases, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years with fecal occult blood testing annually or double contrast barium enema are other options acceptable for screening rather than colonoscopy every 10 years which is currently the Gold-Standard of care
A recent study of colonoscopy screening in the community setting has shown that it does reduce the risk for colorectal cancer, but this reduction is seen only for left-sided, not right-sided, colorectal cancer
The latest findings come from Germany, from a study of 3287 participants, and are published online December 30 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute
A previous colonoscopy was associated with a 67% reduced risk for advanced neoplasia in the left side of the colon and the rectum, but no risk reduction was seen in the right side of the colon
However, because most neoplasms in the colon and rectum are located on the left side, substantial overall risk reduction for colorectal cancers and advanced adenomas was observed
وقد أثبتت دراسة ألمانية حديثة أجريت على3287 شخصا أجري لهم منظار قولون في العشر سنين الأخيرة أهمية الفحص الدوري بمنظار القولون إلا أن الجديد في هذه الدراسة أنها أثبتت تلك الأهمية في سرطان الجانب الأيسر من القولون وهو الأكثر شيوعا بينما لم تنخفض نسبة الإصابة في الجانب الأيمن
المصادر
الصورة
القولون له اسباب كثيرة وشو سببها
ردحذف